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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 269-278.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00061

• • 上一篇    

结构完整性对林带防风固沙能力的影响

刘亚琪1(), 左合君1,2,3(), 闫敏1,2,3, 郭琪1, 陈雪1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学，沙漠治理学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.内蒙古农业大学，内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    3.内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站，内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017400
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-26 修回日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 左合君
  • 作者简介:刘亚琪（1999—），女，内蒙古阿拉善人，硕士研究生，研究方向为荒漠化防治。E-mail： lyq252777@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0003-2);沙漠沙地生态保护与治理技术创新团队项目(NMGIRT2408);荒漠化防治与沙区资源保护利用创新团队项目(BR241301)

Effect of structural integrity of windward forest belt on windbreak and sand-fixing ability of windbreak and sand-fixing forest

Yaqi Liu1(), Hejun Zuo1,2,3(), Min Yan1,2,3, Qi Guo1, Xue Chen1   

  1. 1.College of Desert Control /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Wind-sand Physics and Desertification Control Project in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China
    3.Inner Mongolia Hangjin Desert Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station，Ordos 017400，Inner Mongolia，China
  • Received:2024-12-26 Revised:2025-03-27 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-26
  • Contact: Hejun Zuo

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摘要：

为探究防风固沙林迎风侧林带的完整结构对风沙活动的规律的重要性，本研究通过风洞试验，以“品”字型排列的行带式林带为研究对象，在12 m·s-1风速下分析结构完整的林带与结构不完整的林带（离散型缺1~5株、连续型缺株3/2H~7/2H、断带1/2H~5/2H，H为植株模型高度）的防风效应、输沙率、固沙效应、积沙形态的特征。结果表明：（1）随着林带结构完整性减弱，林带的防风效应、固沙效应呈减小趋势，风蚀量和风蚀范围增加。当林带缺株数量≥5株、缺株距离≥3H、断带距离≥3/2H时防风效应<25%，固沙效应减弱107.42%~291.48%，风蚀量较完整林带增加超过200%，风蚀范围占比超过50%，林带对风沙活动拦截作用减弱且对迎风侧林带风蚀作用增加。即对应野外迎风侧林带缺株数占比≥25%、缺株距离≥6 m、断带距离≥3 m，应及时采取补植和加固措施。

关键词: 防风固沙林, 林带结构完整性, 风洞模拟, 防风固沙能力

Abstract:

In order to explore the importance of the complete structure of the forest belt on the windward side of the windbreak and sand-fixing forest to the law of wind-sand activity， this study used the wind tunnel test to analyze the windbreak effect， sand transport rate， sand fixation effect and sand accumulation form of the structurally complete forest belt and the structurally incomplete forest belt （discrete type missing 1-5 plants， continuous type missing 3/2H-7/2H， broken belt 1/2H-5/2H） under the wind speed of 12 m·s-1. The results showed that： （1） With the weakening of the structural integrity of the forest belt， the windbreak effect and sand fixation effect of the forest belt decreased， while the wind erosion amount and wind erosion range increased. When the number of missing trees ≥5， the distance of missing trees ≥3H， and the distance of broken belts ≥3/2H， the windbreak effect <25% （H is the height of the plant model）， the sand fixation effect is weakened by 107.42%-291.48%， and the wind erosion amount is increased by more than 200% compared with the complete forest belt， and the wind erosion range accounts for more than 50%. The interception effect of the forest belt on wind-sand activity is weakened and the wind erosion effect on the windward forest belt is increased. That is to say， the proportion of missing plants in the windward side of the field is ≥25%， the distance of missing plants is ≥6 m， and the distance of broken belts is ≥3 m. Timely replanting and reinforcement measures should be taken.

Key words: windbreak and sand-fixing forest, structural integrity of forest belt, wind tunnel simulation, windproof and sand-fixing ability

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